none Nutrition; Diet; Feeding; Carnivorous feeding; Predation; Parasites diseases and disorders; Parasites; Insect parasites; Hosts; Insect hosts; Host parasite relationships; Ecology; Population dynamics; Land and freshwater zones; Palaearctic region; Europe Carabidae; Coccinellidae; Prey; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Prey population reduction; Predator prey interactions; Leptinotarsa decemlineata (prey) population regulation; Poland Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Chrysomelinae); Population changes; Decline, effect of predation by Amphibia; Predators; Amphibia; Carabidae & Coccinellidae; Biocenotic reduction implications; Poland; Central; Biocenotic reduction, effect of predation by Amphibia & Coleoptera Pieris brassicae (Pieridae); Hymenopteran parasites; Parasitica; Pathogenicity; Reaction of host to parasite; Parasitica (Hymenoptera) pathogenicity; Poland; Central; Hymenopteran parasite pathogenicity Apanteles glomeratus (Braconidae ); Pteromalus puparum (Pteromalidae ); Trichogramma evanescens (Trichogrammatidae ); Lepidopteran hosts; Pieris brassicae; Pathogenicity; Reaction of host to parasite; Pathogenicity in Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera); Poland; Central; Pathogenicity in lepidopteran hosts Amphibia; Prey; Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera); Prey population reduction; Predator prey interactions; Coleopteran prey population regulation; Poland; Central; Coleopteran prey population reduction Buteo (Accipitridae); Prey; Microtus arvalis (Mammalia); Prey population reduction; Predator prey interactions; Mammalian prey population regulation; Poland; Central; Mammalian prey population reduction Vulpes vulpes (Canidae ); Felis catus (Felidae ); Prey; Microtus arvalis; Prey population reduction; Predator prey interactions; Population regulation of Microtus arvalis; Poland Microtus arvalis (Cricetidae); Population changes; Decline; Predators; Buteo (Aves); Felis catus & Vulpes vulpes; Biocenotic reduction implications; Poland; Central; Biocenotic reduction, effect of predation by Aves & Carnivora