Techniques; Collecting techniques; Ecological techniques; Colour and luminescence; Colour; Nutrition; Diet; Reproduction; Reproductive behaviour; Mating; Life cycle and development; Life cycle; Developmental stages; Behaviour; Parasites diseases and disorders; Parasites; Insect parasites; Hosts; Insect hosts; Host parasite relationships; Habitat; Man made habitat; Abiotic factors Tachinidae; Braconidae; Ichneumonidae; Lepidopteran hosts; Synanthedon myopaeformis; Pesticides effect on prevalence; Prevalence; Synanthedon (Lepidoptera) host, pesticides influences; Chemical factors; Pesticides effects on prevalence in dipteran host Synanthedon myopaeformis (Sesiidae); Trapping; Trap colour effects on efficiency; Population density measurement, methods evaluation; Markings; Female red abdominal stripe use by males in mating orientation; Food plants; Malus (apple); Biology & larval distribution; Copulation; Male orientation to female abdominal stripe; Larva; Stage number & duration; Orientation; Mating, female abdominal stripe role; Dipteran parasites; Tachinidae; Hymenopteran parasites; Braconidae & Ichneumonidae; Pesticide effects on parasite prevalence; Prevalence; Hymenopteran & dipteran parasites, pesticide influences; Cultivated land habitat; Orchard, biology & monitoring techniques