none Experiments were conducted in 1990 and 1991 at Matourkou near Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso (West Africa), to study the effect of intercropping sorghum-cowpea, Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)-Vigna unguiculata (Walp.), on the natural enemies of the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae). Sampling was done weekly, on six occasions starting 10 days after sowing. Natural enemies of eggs were Trichogrammatoidea simmondsi Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatoidae), Tapinoma sp. (Hymenoptera : Formicidae), Fusarium sp. and a bacterium, Corynebacterium sp. Other insect specimens included a thysanopteran (Phlaeothripidae, Haplothripinae) and Dicrodiphosis sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) which were also associated with the sorghum shoot fly eggs. No significant differences were observed between the pure sorghum and the intercropped sorghum-cowpea with respect to T. simmondsi parasitism. Larval parasitoids were Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), 6 to 17.50% of parasitism), Bracon sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Hockeria sp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae). One pupal parasitoid was recorded, Alysia sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Significant differences were observed in the percentage of larval parasitism in 1990 and in 1991 between the pure sorghum and intercropped sorghum-cowpea. There was about two-fold and 1.4-fold increased larval parasitism in intercropped sorghum-cowpea in 1990 and 1991 respectively. Morisita's index of similarity (0.94 in 1990, 0.98 in 1991, between pure sorghum and intercropped sorghum-cowpea, 0.98 between 1990 and 1991), indicated that the parasitoid species composition was independent of both the cropping system and the year.