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Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838 valid
- taxon id: 3071371
- catalog nub: Chel_45
- 分类系统: 甲腹茧蜂亚科 Cheloninae
- 阶元:属
- 状态: valid
- 中文科学名: 愈腹茧蜂属
- 已发表: 是
- 灭绝: 否
- original placement: 是
- original name:Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838
- 格式: animal
- 作者: Wesmael
- year: 1838
- 创建时间: 2021-06-27 17:01
- create by: zxmlmq (admin)
pictures
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分类信息
- 界: Animalia | 动物界
- 门: Arthropoda | 节肢动物门
- 纲: Insecta | 昆虫纲
- 目: Hymenoptera | 膜翅目
- 亚目: Apocrita | 细腰亚目
- 总科: Ichneumonoidea | 姬蜂总科
- 科: Braconidae | 茧蜂科
- 亚科: Cheloninae | 甲腹小茧蜂亚科
- 族: Phanerotomini | 愈腹茧蜂族
- 属: Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838 | 愈腹茧蜂属
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tree:
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无效名:
- Phanerogaster Wesmael, 1838 synonym
- Sulydus du Buysson, 1897 synonym
- Ichneutipterus Vachal, 1907 synonym
- Neophanerotoma Szépligeti, 1908 synonym
- Neoacampis Szépligeti, 1914 synonym
- Phanerotomina Shestakov, 1930 synonym
- Tritoma Szижpligeti, 1908 homonym
- Szepligetia Schulz, 1911 synonym
- Tritomios Strand, 1921 synonym
- Unica Snoflивk, 1951 synonym
- 寄生于:
- associated plant:
geography information (Including lower)
- 国家/地区: 阿富汗 ; 阿尔巴尼亚 ; 阿尔及利亚 ; 美属萨摩亚 ; 阿根廷 ; 亚美尼亚 ; 奥地利 ; 阿塞拜疆 ; 孟加拉 ; 比利时 ; 贝宁 ; 巴西 ; 保加利亚 ; 布基纳法索 ; 喀麦隆 ; 加拿大 ; 加纳利群岛 ; 佛得角 ; 智利 ; 科摩罗 ; 克罗地亚 ; 塞浦路斯 ; 捷克 ; 捷克斯洛伐克 ; 刚果(金) ; 厄瓜多尔 ; 埃及 ; 埃塞俄比亚 ; 斐济 ; 芬兰 ; 法国 ; 格鲁吉亚 ; 德国 ; 希腊 ; 格林纳达 ; 关岛 ; 几内亚 ; 圭亚那 ; 匈牙利 ; 印度 ; 印度尼西亚 ; 伊朗 ; 以色列 ; 意大利 ; 日本 ; 哈萨克斯坦 ; 肯尼亚 ; 朝鲜 ; 吉尔吉斯斯坦 ; 拉脱维亚 ; 利比亚 ; 立陶宛 ; 马达加斯加 ; 马来西亚 ; 马里 ; 墨西哥 ; 摩尔多瓦 ; 蒙古 ; 摩洛哥 ; 缅甸 ; 尼泊尔 ; 荷兰 ; 新喀里多尼亚 ; 尼加拉瓜 ; 尼日尔 ; 尼日利亚 ; 挪威 ; 巴基斯坦 ; 巴拿马 ; 巴布亚新几内亚 ; Paraguay ; 菲律宾 ; 波兰 ; 葡萄牙 ; 罗马尼亚 ; 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯 ; 萨摩亚 ; 沙特阿拉伯 ; 塞内加尔 ; 塞尔维亚 ; 塞拉利昂 ; 新加坡 ; 斯洛伐克 ; 斯洛文尼亚 ; 所罗门群岛 ; 索马里 ; 南非 ; 西班牙 ; 斯里兰卡 ; 苏丹 ; 苏里南 ; 瑞典 ; 瑞士 ; 坦桑尼亚 ; 泰国 ; 多哥 ; 汤加 ; 突尼斯 ; 土耳其 ; 土库曼斯坦 ; 乌克兰 ; 英国 ; 乌兹别克斯坦 ; 瓦努阿图 ; 越南 ; 也门 ;
- 省/行政区: 阿拉巴马州 ; Amur Oblast ; 安徽省 ; 亚利桑那州 ; 阿肯色州 ; 澳大利亚首都直辖区 ; 加利福尼亚州 ; 科罗拉多州 ; 康涅狄格州 ; 特拉华州 ; District of Columbia ; 佛罗里达州 ; 福建省 ; 甘肃省 ; 乔治亚州 ; 广东省 ; 广西壮族自治区 ; 贵州省 ; 海南省 ; 夏威夷州 ; 黑龙江省 ; 河南省 ; 湖北省 ; 湖南省 ; 爱达荷州 ; 伊利诺斯州 ; 印第安纳州 ; 爱荷华州 ; Irkutsk Oblast ; 江苏省 ; 江西省 ; 吉林省 ; 堪萨斯州 ; 肯塔基州 ; Khabarovsk Krai ; Kirov Oblast ; Komi Republic ; Krasnodar Krai ; Krasnoyarsk Krai ; 辽宁省 ; 路易斯安那州 ; 缅因州 ; 马里兰州 ; 马萨诸塞州 ; 密歇根州 ; 密西西比州 ; 蒙大拿州 ; Moscow Oblast ; 内布拉斯加州 ; New Hampshire ; New Jersey ; 新墨西哥州 ; 新南威尔士州 ; 纽约州 ; 北卡罗来纳州 ; 北部地区 ; Novosibirsk Oblast ; 俄克拉荷马州 ; Omsk Oblast ; 俄勒冈州 ; Orenburg Oblast ; Oryol Oblast ; 宾夕法尼亚州 ; Primorsky Krai ; 昆士兰州 ; Republic of Dagestan ; Rhode Island ; Rostov Oblast ; Ryazan Oblast ; 圣彼得堡 ; Sakhalin Oblast ; Saratov Oblast ; 陕西省 ; 山东省 ; 上海市 ; 山西省 ; 四川省 ; 南澳大利亚洲 ; South Carolina ; South Dakota ; 台湾省 ; 塔斯马尼亚州 ; 田纳西州 ; 得克萨斯州 ; 维多利亚州 ; 弗吉尼亚州 ; Volgograd Oblast ; 华盛顿州 ; 西弗吉尼亚州 ; 西澳大利亚州 ; 威斯康辛州 ; 怀俄明州 ; Yaroslavl Oblast ; 云南省 ; Zabaykalsky Krai ; 浙江省 ;
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地图:
description
ORIGINAL NAME
Phanerotoma
SPECIES
Phanerotoma acuminata Szépligeti,1908; Phanerotoma agarwali Varshney & Shujauddin,1999; Phanerotoma alagoasensis Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma analis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma andamanensis Gupta & van Achterberg,2014; Phanerotoma annulata Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma aperta Szépligeti,1908; Phanerotoma arakakii Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma atriceps Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma attenuata Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma australiensis Ashmead,1900; Phanerotoma avicula Saussure,1892; Phanerotoma baltica Brues,1933; Phanerotoma bannensis Masi,1944; Phanerotoma behriae Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma bekilyensis Granger,1949; Phanerotoma bennetti Muesebeck,1955; Phanerotoma bicolor Sonan,1932; Phanerotoma bidentula Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma bonbonensis Kittel & Austin,2015; Phanerotoma brasiliensis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma brendelli Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma brevis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma buchneri Fahringer,1932; Phanerotoma bushblitz Kittel & Austin,2015; Phanerotoma caltagironei Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma caudalis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma caudata Granger,1949; Phanerotoma circumscripta Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma conopomorphae Tsang, You & van Achterberg,2011; Phanerotoma crabbi Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma crocea (Cameron,1887); Phanerotoma curvicarinata Cameron,1911; Phanerotoma curvimaculata Cameron,1911; Phanerotoma decorata Szépligeti,1914; Phanerotoma decticauda Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma dentata (Panzer,1805); Phanerotoma divergens van Achterberg,2009; Phanerotoma diversa (Walker,1874); Phanerotoma ebneri Fahringer,1924; Phanerotoma ejuncida Chen & Ji,2003; Phanerotoma elbaiensis Edmardash, Abdel-Dayem & Gadallah,2011; Phanerotoma erythrocephala Rohwer,1917; Phanerotoma exigua Zettel,1991; Phanerotoma extensa Brues,1933; Phanerotoma fasciata Provancher,1881; Phanerotoma fasciatipennis Granger,1949; Phanerotoma fastigata Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma filicornis Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma flava Ashmead,1906; Phanerotoma flavida Enderlein,1912; Phanerotoma floridana Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma formosana Rohwer,1934; Phanerotoma fracta Kokujev,1903; Phanerotoma franklini Gahan,1917; Phanerotoma fusca Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma fuscovaria Ashmead,1894; Phanerotoma ghesquierei de Saeger,1948; Phanerotoma gigantea Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma glabra Telenga,1941; Phanerotoma gracilipes (Szépligeti,1914); Phanerotoma graeca Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma grapholithae Muesebeck,1933; Phanerotoma hapaliae de Saeger,1948; Phanerotoma hayati Ahmad & Shujauddin,2004; Phanerotoma hendecasisella Cameron,1905; Phanerotoma hispanica Kokujev,1899; Phanerotoma honiarana Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma humeralis Ashmead,1894; Phanerotoma ichneutiptera (Vachal,1907); Phanerotoma improvisa Zettel,1991; Phanerotoma indica Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma inopinata Caltagirone,1965; Phanerotoma interstitialis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma iturica de Saeger,1942; Phanerotoma katkowi Kokujev,1900; Phanerotoma kotenkoi Tobias,2000; Phanerotoma kozlovi Shestakov,1930; Phanerotoma laspeyresia Rohwer,1915; Phanerotoma leeuwinensis Turner,1917; Phanerotoma lepida Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer,1894; Phanerotoma longicauda Walley,1951; Phanerotoma longiterebra Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma lutea Kittel & Austin,2015; Phanerotoma malabarica Sheeba & Narendran,2008; Phanerotoma marshalli (du Buysson,1897); Phanerotoma melanocephala Fullaway,1913; Phanerotoma melanura Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma mellina Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma menieri Belokobylskij, Nel, Waller & De Plöeg,2010; Phanerotoma meridionalis Ashmead,1894; Phanerotoma minuta Kokujev,1903; Phanerotoma mirabilis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma modesta Masi,1944; Phanerotoma moniliata Ji & Chen,2003; Phanerotoma myeloisae Fullaway,1956; Phanerotoma nathani Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma nepalensis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma nigricephala Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma nigriceps Szépligeti,1914; Phanerotoma nigripelta Muesebeck,1955; Phanerotoma nigriscapulata Kittel & Austin,2015; Phanerotoma nigroscutis Cameron,1905; Phanerotoma nigrotibialis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma nitidiventris Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma nocturna Tobias,1967; Phanerotoma notabilis Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma novacaledoniensis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma novaehebridensis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma novaguineensis Szépligeti,1900; Phanerotoma novateutoniana Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma noyesi Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma obscura Snoflák,1951; Phanerotoma offensa Papp,1989; Phanerotoma orientalis Szépligeti,1902; Phanerotoma ornatula Brues,1926; Phanerotoma pacifica Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma pallida Cameron,1911; Phanerotoma pallidipes Cameron,1911; Phanerotoma pallidula Masi,1945; Phanerotoma panamana Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma pappi Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma pellucida Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma persa Shestakov,1930; Phanerotoma phycitinoma de Saeger,1942; Phanerotoma planifrons (Nees,1816); Phanerotoma plaumanni Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma potanini Kokujev,1895; Phanerotoma producta Watanabe,1937; Phanerotoma puchneriana Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma pygmaea Szépligeti,1913; Phanerotoma pyrodercis Fischer,1962; Phanerotoma recurvariae Cushman,1914; Phanerotoma rhyacioniae Cushman,1927; Phanerotoma rufescens (Latreille,1809); Phanerotoma ruficornis Granger,1949; Phanerotoma rufotestacea Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma samoana Fullaway,1940; Phanerotoma sardiana Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma saussurei Kohl,1906; Phanerotoma sculptifrons Tobias,1970; Phanerotoma semenowi Kokujev,1900; Phanerotoma somaliae Masi,1943; Phanerotoma somalica Paoli,1934; Phanerotoma soror van Achterberg,1990; Phanerotoma spilaspis Cameron,1911; Phanerotoma sponsa Ji & Chen,2002; Phanerotoma straminea Viereck,1913; Phanerotoma subexigua Zettel,1991; Phanerotoma subpygmaea Granger,1949; Phanerotoma sulcus Chen & Ji,2003; Phanerotoma syedi Ahmad & Shujauddin,2004; Phanerotoma syleptae Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma terebralis Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma texana Zettel,1992; Phanerotoma tibialis (Haldeman,1849); Phanerotoma toreutae Caltagirone,1967; Phanerotoma transcaspica Kokujev,1902; Phanerotoma tricolorata Zettel,1988; Phanerotoma tridentati Ji & Chen,2003; Phanerotoma trivittata Brues,1912; Phanerotoma trivittatoides Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma tropicana Zettel,1989; Phanerotoma uniformis Brues,1926; Phanerotoma unipunctata Cushman,1922; Phanerotoma upoluensis Zettel,1990; Phanerotoma valentina Moreno & Jiménez,1992; Phanerotoma vana de Saeger,1948; Phanerotoma variegata Szépligeti,1914; Phanerotoma vidua de Santis,1975; Phanerotoma wahlbergianae Fischer,1963; Phanerotoma witchelinaensis Kittel & Austin,2015; Phanerotoma zebripes Chen & Ji,2003; Phanerotoma zelleriae Zettel,1992
SUBGENUS
Bracotritoma Csiki,1909
SYNONYM
Ichneutipterus Vachal,1907; Neoacampis Szépligeti,1914; Neophanerotoma Szépligeti,1908; Phanerogaster Wesmael,1838; Phanerotomina Shestakov,1930; Sulydus du Buysson,1897
HIGHER GROUP
Braconidae (Viereck, 1910; Viereck, 1917)
Chelonidae (Förster, 1863)
Cheloninae (Kirchner, 1867; Marshall, 1885; Ashmead, 1895; Dalla Torre, 1898; Ashmead, 1900; Szépligeti, 1904; Ashmead, 1906; Schmiedeknecht, 1907; Brues, 1926; Schmiedeknecht, 1930; Sonan, 1932; Chu, 1936; Granger, 1949; Baltazar, 1962; Baltazar, 1966; Capek, 1970; Shaw, 1983; Zettel, 1992; van Achterberg and Polaszek, 1996; Shaw, 1997; Campos M., 2001; Belshaw and Quicke, 2002; He et al, 2004; Gauld and Shaw, 2006)
Chelonini (Marshall, 1890; Gaulle, 1908; Fahringer, 1934; Watanabe, 1934; Watanabe, 1937; Ceballos, 1956; Docavo, 1960; Docavo, 1965)
Phanerotomina (De Saeger, 1948; Shenefelt, 1973; Zettel, 1990)
Phanerotomini (Tobias, 1971; Tobias, 1976; Tobias, 1986; Zettel, 1987; van Achterberg, 1990; Shaw and Huddleston, 1991; Moreno et al, 1992; Capek and Hofmann, 1997; Huflejt, 1997; Tobias, 2000; Chen and Ji, 2003; Kittel et al, 2016)
Sigalphinae (Muesebeck, 1928)
Sigalphini (Telenga, 1941; Kloet and Hincks, 1945)
LAPSUS
Phænotoma (Marsh, 1979)
SYNONYM HISTORY
Bracotritoma (Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Chen and Ji, 2003; Kittel et al, 2016)
Ichneutipterus (van Achterberg, 1990; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Neoacampis (van Achterberg, 1990; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Neophanerotoma (De Saeger, 1948; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Baltazar, 1966; Shenefelt, 1973; Marsh, 1979; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Phanerogaster (De Saeger, 1948; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Baltazar, 1966; Shenefelt, 1973; Marsh, 1979; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Phanerotomina (Tobias, 1971; Shenefelt, 1973; Marsh, 1979; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Sulydus (Shenefelt, 1973; Marsh, 1979; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Szepligetia (Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Tritoma (Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Tritomios (Tobias, 1971; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; Zettel, 1992; Chen and Ji, 2003)
Unica (van Achterberg, 1990; Campos M., 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
TAXONOMY
catalogue (Dalla Torre, 1898; Shenefelt, 1973; Marsh, 1979)
catalogue [Spain] (Ceballos, 1956)
description (Wesmael, 1838; Westwood, 1840; Brullé, 1846; Förster, 1863; Taschenberg, 1866; Thomson, 1874; Marshall, 1885; Cresson, 1887; Marshall, 1890; Ashmead, 1900; Szépligeti, 1904; Schmiedeknecht, 1907; Viereck, 1917; Lyle, 1924; Fahringer, 1934; Snoflák, 1951; Docavo, 1960; Baltazar, 1962; Marsh, 1971; Marsh et al, 1987; Zettel, 1990; van Achterberg, 1990; You et al, 1993; van Achterberg and Polaszek, 1996; Shaw, 1997; Inayatullah and Naeem, 2004)
description in a key (Shi and Shen, 1995)
description in a key [Australasian] (Kittel and Austin, 2013)
description in a key [Canada] (Provancher, 1889)
description in a key [China-Zhejiang] (He et al, 2004)
description in a key [China] (Chu, 1936; Chen and Ji, 2003)
description in a key [Europe] (Schmiedeknecht, 1930; Zettel, 1987)
description in a key [Japan] (Watanabe, 1937)
description in a key [Lepidopterous pests] (Tobias and Alexeev, 1972)
description in a key [Madagascar] (Granger, 1949)
description in a key [North America] (Zettel, 1992)
description in a key [Russia] (Kokujev, 1900)
description in a key [Russian Far East] (Tobias, 2000)
description in a key [Spain] (Docavo, 1965)
description in a key [U.S.S.R.] (Telenga, 1941; Tobias, 1971; Tobias, 1986)
fossil (Carpenter, 1992)
genetics (Belshaw et al, 1998)
key to species (Lyle, 1924; Fischer, 1968)
key to species [African stem borers] (van Achterberg and Polaszek, 1996; van Achterberg and Walker, 1998)
key to species [African] (Masi, 1945)
key to species [Afrotropical] (De Saeger, 1948)
key to species [Australia] (Zettel, 1988; Kittel and Austin, 2015)
key to species [Caucasus] (Tobias, 1976)
key to species [China-Taiwan] (Sonan, 1932)
key to species [China] (Chu, 1936; Chen and Ji, 2003)
key to species [Europe] (Snoflák, 1951; Zettel, 1987)
key to species [India] (Zettel, 1990; Ahmad and Shuja-Uddin, 2004; Sheeba and Narendran, 2008)
key to species [Japan] (Watanabe, 1937)
key to species [Madagascar] (Granger, 1949)
key to species [Neotropical] (Zettel, 1989; Zettel, 1990; Zettel, 1991)
key to species [North America] (Zettel, 1992)
key to species [Oriental] (Zettel, 1990)
key to species [Pacific islands] (Zettel, 1990)
key to species [Palaearctic] (Fahringer, 1934)
key to species [Russia] (Kokujev, 1900)
key to species [Russian Far East] (Tobias, 2000)
key to species [Saudi Arabia] (Ghramh, 2011)
key to species [Spain] (Docavo, 1965)
key to species [U.S.S.R.] (Telenga, 1941; Tobias, 1986)
key to species [Western Palaearctic] (van Achterberg, 1990)
key to species [fossil] (Belokobylskij et al, 2010)
key to subgenera [U.S.S.R.] (Tobias, 1986)
original description (Wesmael, 1838)
TYPE
Chelonus dentatus (Westwood, 1840; Viereck, 1914)
TYPE (INVALID)
Sigalphus dentator (Brullé, 1846)
CHINESE NAME
愈腹茧蜂属 (He and Wang, 1987; You et al, 1993; You et al, 2000; He et al, 2001; Chen and Ji, 2003)
显茧蜂属 (Feng, 1983)
ASSOCIATE (PLANT)
Arceuthobium cyanocarpum (Penfield et al, 1976)
Arceuthobium vaginatum cryptopodum (Penfield et al, 1976)
BIOLOGY
biodiversity [Japan-main] (Maleque et al, 2010)
pollination [Arceuthobium cyanocarpum] (Penfield et al, 1976)
pollination [Arceuthobium vaginatum cryptopodum] (Penfield et al, 1976)
DISEASE
Metarhizium anisopliae acridum (Stolz et al, 2002)
HOST
Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Bagnoli and Lucchi, 2001)
Leucinodes orbonalis (Patel et al, 1972)
Leucinodes orbonalis [Solanum melongena] (Yasodha and Natarajan, 2006)
HOST FOOD
Solanum melongena (Yasodha and Natarajan, 2006)
GROUP CHARACTERS (METASOMA)
metasoma:form [carapace with 2 transverse sutures] (Shaw, 1983)
tergites:visible [3] (Shaw, 1983)
MORPHOLOGY
character matrix (Shaw, 1983)
reference
- Ahmad, Zubair and Shuja-Uddin, 2004. Description of a new species of the genus Phanerotoma Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) along with a key to Indian species. Zoos' Print Journal. 19(19):1706-1707
- Ashmead, W.H, 1895. Report on the parasitic Hymenoptera of the island of Grenada, comprising the families Cynipidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, and Proctotrypidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1:742-812
- Ashmead, W.H, 1900. Classification of the Ichneumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 23(23):1-220
- Ashmead, W.H, 1906. Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 3:169-201
- Bagnoli, B. and Lucchi, A, 2001. Bionomics of Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Milliere) (Pyralidae Phycitinae) in Tuscan vineyards. Bulletin OILB SROP. 24(24):79-83
- Baltazar, C.R, 1962. The genera of parasitic Hymenoptera in the Philippines, Part 1. Pacific Insects. 4(4):737-771
- Baltazar, C.R, 1966. A catalog of Philippine Hymenoptera (with a bibliography, 1758-1963). Pacific Insects Monograph. 8:1-488
- Belokobylskij, Sergey A.; Nel, Andre; Waller, Alain and De Ploeg, Gael, 2010. New fossil non-cyclostome braconid wasps from the lowermost Eocene amber of Paris Basin. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 55(55):519-527
- Belshaw, R.; Fitton, M.; Herniou, E.; Gimeno, C. and Quicke, D.L.J, 1998. A phylogenetic reconstruction of the Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera) based on the D2 variable region of 28S ribosomal RNA. Systematic Entomology. 23(23):109-123
- Belshaw, R. and Quicke, D.L.J, 2002. Robustness of ancestral state estimates: evolution of life history strategy in ichneumonoid parasitoids. Systematic Biology. 51(51):450-477
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