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Apanteles ornigis Weed, 1887 valid
- taxon id: 3079510
- catalog nub: Micr_1849
- 分类系统: 小腹茧蜂亚科 Microgastrinae
- 阶元:种
- 状态: valid
- 已发表: 是
- 灭绝: 否
- original placement: 是
- original name:Apanteles ornigis Weed, 1887
- 格式: animal
- 作者: Weed
- year: 1887
- 创建时间: 2022-04-11 13:15
- create by: zxmlmq (admin)
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分类信息
- 界: Animalia | 动物界
- 门: Arthropoda | 节肢动物门
- 纲: Insecta | 昆虫纲
- 目: Hymenoptera | 膜翅目
- 亚目: Apocrita | 细腰亚目
- 总科: Ichneumonoidea | 姬蜂总科
- 科: Braconidae | 茧蜂科
- 亚科: Microgastrinae | 小腹茧蜂亚科
- 族: Microgastrini | 小腹茧蜂族
- 亚族: Apantelina
- 属: Apanteles F?rster, 1863 | 绒茧蜂属
- 亚属: Apanteles (pholetesor) Mason, 1981 | 潜叶虫茧蜂属
- 种: Apanteles ornigis Weed, 1887
-
tree:
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无效名:
- Apanteles robiniae (Fitch, 1859) synonym
- Apanteles tortricis (Ashmead, 1898) synonym
- Apanteles braunae Viereck, 1912 synonym
- Apanteles lithocolletidis Viereck, 1912 synonym
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寄生于:
- Acrocercops pnosmodiella (Busck, 1902)
- Argyresthia aureoargentella Brower, 1953
- Bucculatrix ainsliella Murtfeldt, 1905
- Caloptilia belfrageella (Chambers, 1875)
- Caloptilia burgessiella (Zeller, 1873)
- Cameraria aceriella (Clemens, 1859)
- Cameraria corylisella (Chambers, 1871)
- Cameraria guttifinitella (Clemens, 1859)
- Cameraria hamadryadella (Clemens, 1859)
- Cameraria macrocarpae Freeman, 1970
- Cameraria ostryarella (Chambers, 1871)
- Gracillaria rhoifoliella (Chambers, 1876)
- Leucanthiza amphicarpeaefoliella Clemens, 1859
- Meroptera pravella Grote, 1878
- Paraclemensia acerifoliella Fitch, 1854
- Parornix Spuler, 1910
- Parornix alta (Braun, 1925)
- Parornix conspicuella (Dietz, 1907)
- Parornix geminatella (Packard, 1869)
- Phyllonorycter Hübner, 1822
- Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabricius, 1781)
- Phyllonorycter celtisella (Chambers, 1871)
- Phyllonorycter clemensella (Chambers, 1871)
- Phyllonorycter crataegella (Clemens, 1859)
- Phyllonorycter diversella (Braun, 1916)
- Phyllonorycter emberizaepennella (Bouche, 1834)
- Phyllonorycter fitchella (Clemens, 1860)
- Phyllonorycter lucetiella (Clemens, 1859)
- Phyllonorycter lucidicostella (Clemens, 1859)
- Phyllonorycter malimalifoliella Braun, 1908
- Phyllonorycter mariaeella (Chambers, 1875)
- Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella (Clemens, 1859)
- Phyllonorycter propinquinella (Braun, 1908)
- Phyllonorycter robiniella (Clemens, 1859)
- Phyllonorycter salicifoliella (Chambers, 1871)
- Tischeria Zeller, 1839
- Tischeria citrinipennella Clemens, 1859
- Tischeria malifoliella Clemens, 1860
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associated plant:
- Acer
- Acer rubrum
- Acer saccharum Marsh.
- Amelanchier
- Amphicarpaea bracteata
- Betula populifolia
- Celtis occidentalis Tuthill
- Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult.
- Cornus
- Cornus racemosa Lam.
- Lonicera | 忍冬属
- Malus
- Malus domestica
- Ostrya
- Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K.Koch
- Prunus pensylvanica L. fil.
- Prunus serotina
- Prunus virginiana L.
- Quercus
- Quercus alba L.
- Quercus falcata Michx.
- Quercus macrocarpa
- Quercus rubra
- Quercus stellata Wangenh.
- Rhus radicans Linnaeus
- Rhus typhina L.
- Robinia pseudoacacia L. | 刺槐
- Tilia americana L.
- Toxicodendron pubescens Mill.
- Ulmus americana
geography information (Including lower)
description
ORIGINAL NAME
Apanteles ornigis
SYNONYM
Apanteles (Pholetesor) braunae Viereck,1912; Apanteles (Pholetesor) lithocolletidis Viereck,1912; Apanteles (Pholetesor) robiniae (Fitch,1859); Apanteles (Pholetesor) tortricis (Ashmead,1898)
COMBINATION HISTORY
Apanteles (Szépligeti, 1904; Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Muesebeck, 1958; Muesebeck, 1967; Shenefelt, 1972)
Apanteles (Apanteles) (Viereck, 1917)
Pholetesor (Mason, 1981; Whitfield, 1995; Whitfield, 2006)
NOTES ON TAXONOMY
Setting ornigis as a conserved name made ornigis a senior synonym over robinae. (Whitfield, 2006)
SYNONYM HISTORY
Apanteles braunae (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Shenefelt, 1972; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield, 2006)
Apanteles lithocolletidis (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Shenefelt, 1972; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield, 2006)
Microgaster robiniae (Whitfield, 2006)
Protapanteles tortricis (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Shenefelt, 1972; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield, 2006)
TAXONOMY
catalogue (Dalla Torre, 1898; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Shenefelt, 1972; Marsh, 1979)
conserved name (Wharton, 1986; Whitfield, 1986; Holthuis et al, 1987; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1988; Whitfield, 2006)
description (Viereck, 1917; Muesebeck, 1921; Nixon, 1973; Whitfield, 2006)
description (cocoon) (Muesebeck, 1921)
description in a key (Whitfield, 2006)
genetics (Whitfield et al, 2002)
official list (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1988)
original description (Weed, 1887)
phylogenetics (Mardulyn and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield et al, 2002)
TYPE
U.S.A.-Illinois (Weed, 1887; Frison, 1927)
Usa_cpn_inhs (Frison, 1927)
female (Frison, 1927)
lectotype (Frison, 1927)
TYPE OF
Pholetesor (Mason, 1981)
ASSOCIATE
Lumbricus terrestris (Laing et al, 1986)
BIOLOGY
activity/behaviour (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
cold tolerance (MacPhee, 1964)
developmental rate (Johnson et al, 1979; Herbert and McRae, 1983; Laing and Heraty, 1987; Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
diapause/hibernation (Laing and Heraty, 1987)
fecundity (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990; Hagley and Barber, 1991; Hagley and Barber, 1992)
food (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990; Hagley and Barber, 1992)
longevity (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990; Hagley and Barber, 1991; Hagley and Barber, 1992)
mortality (Laing et al, 1986; Hagley and Barber, 1991)
pesticide (Hagley et al, 1981; Weires et al, 1982; Trimble and Pree, 1987; Biggs and Hagley, 1988; Fisher, 1988; Trimble et al, 1990; Fisher et al, 1991; Li et al, 1992; Pree et al, 1994; Trimble, 1994)
polydnavirus (Stoltz and Whitfield, 1992)
rearing (Ridgway and Mahr, 1989; Mahr and Ridgway, 1991)
sampling/monitoring (Trimble and Brach, 1985; Ridgway and Mahr, 1986; Trimble and Sahota, 1988; Allen et al, 1992)
seasonality (Ridgway and Mahr, 1986)
sex ratio (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
techniques/equipment (Allen et al, 1992)
temperature (Hagley and Barber, 1991)
HOST
Acrocercops pnosmodiella (Whitfield, 2006)
Argyresthia aureoargentella (Silver, 1957)
Bucculatrix ainsliella (Muesebeck, 1967; Marsh, 1979)
Bucculatrix ainsliella [Quercus rubra] (Gibbons and Butcher, 1961)
Caloptilia belfrageella (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Caloptilia burgessiella (Muesebeck, 1958; Graham, 1965; Marsh, 1979)
Caloptilia burgessiella [Cornus racemosa] (Putman, 1942)
Cameraria aceriella (Whitfield, 2006)
Cameraria corylisella (Whitfield, 2006)
Cameraria guttifinitella (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Cameraria guttifinitella [Toxicodendron pubescens] (Whitfield, 2006)
Cameraria hamadryadella [Quercus alba] (Whitfield, 2006)
Cameraria hamadryadella [Quercus macrocarpa] (Whitfield, 2006)
Cameraria macrocarpae (Still and Wong, 1973)
Cameraria ostryarella (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Cameraria ostryarella [Ostrya] (Whitfield, 2006)
Gracillaria rhoifoliella (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Leucanthiza amphicarpeaefoliella (Whitfield, 2006)
Meroptera pravella [Rhus typhina] (Marshall and Musgrove, 1937)
Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Muesebeck, 1928; Whitfield, 2006)
Paraclemensia acerifoliella [Acer saccharum] (Herrick, 1923)
Parornix [Prunus virginiana] (Whitfield, 2006)
Parornix alta (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Parornix conspicuella [Betula populifolia] (Whitfield, 2006)
Parornix geminatella (Weed, 1887; Viereck, 1917; Muesebeck, 1921; Frison, 1927; Muesebeck, 1928; Marsh, 1979)
Parornix geminatella [Malus domestica] (Oatman, 1985)
Parornix geminatella [Malus] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter [Acer rubrum] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter [Malus domestica] (Varela and Welter, 1992)
Phyllonorycter [Tilia americana] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter blancardella (Muesebeck, 1958; Johnson et al, 1979; Marsh, 1979; Hagley et al, 1981; Hagley, 1985; Hagley and Barber, 1986; Laing et al, 1986; Laing and Heraty, 1987; Ridgway and Mahr, 1989; Mahr and Ridgway, 1991; Allen et al, 1992; Li et al, 1992; Maier, 1993; Barrett, 1994; Gagne and Barrett, 1994; Trimble, 1994)
Phyllonorycter blancardella [Malus domestica] (Johnson et al, 1976; Weires et al, 1980; van Driesche and Taub, 1983; Maier, 1984; Ridgway and Mahr, 1985; Bishop et al, 2001)
Phyllonorycter blancardella [Malus] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter celtisella [Celtis occidentalis] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter clemensella (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter crataegella (Parent, 1962; Graham, 1965; Marsh, 1979; Gambino and Sullivan, 1982; Maier, 1982; Maier, 1985; Gagne and Barrett, 1994; Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter crataegella [Malus domestica] (Beckham et al, 1950; van Driesche and Taub, 1983; Oatman, 1985)
Phyllonorycter crataegella [Prunus pensylvanica] (Maier, 1988)
Phyllonorycter diversella (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter emberizaepennella [Lonicera x bella] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter fitchella [Quercus alba] (Whitfield et al, 1999)
Phyllonorycter fitchella [Quercus stellata] (Whitfield et al, 1999)
Phyllonorycter lucetiella (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter lucidicostella (Nixon, 1973; Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter malimalifoliella (Muesebeck, 1958; Graham, 1965; Nixon, 1973; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter malimalifoliella [Malus domestica] (LeRoux and Parent, 1956)
Phyllonorycter mariaeella (Muesebeck, 1921; Marsh, 1979)
Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella [Ostrya] (Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter propinquinella (Muesebeck, 1921; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter propinquinella [Prunus serotina] (Maier, 1988)
Phyllonorycter robiniella (Muesebeck, 1967; Marsh, 1979; Whitfield and Wagner, 1988; Bolchi Serini, 1990; Whitfield, 2006)
Phyllonorycter salicifoliella (Martin, 1956)
Tischeria (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Tischeria [Quercus falcata] (Whitfield, 2006)
Tischeria citrinipennella [Quercus alba] (Whitfield et al, 1999)
Tischeria citrinipennella [Quercus stellata] (Whitfield et al, 1999)
Tischeria malifoliella (Muesebeck, 1967; Marsh, 1979)
Tischeria malifoliella [Malus domestica] (Oatman, 1985)
HOST FOOD
Acer (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Acer rubrum (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988; Whitfield, 2006)
Acer saccharum (Herrick, 1923)
Amelanchier (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Amphicarpaea bracteata (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Betula populifolia (Whitfield, 2006)
Celtis occidentalis (Whitfield, 2006)
Comptonia peregrina (Whitfield, 2006)
Cornus (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Cornus racemosa (Putman, 1942)
Lonicera (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Lonicera x bella (Whitfield, 2006)
Malus (Whitfield, 2006)
Malus domestica (Beckham et al, 1950; LeRoux and Parent, 1956; Johnson et al, 1976; Weires et al, 1980; Maier, 1982; van Driesche and Taub, 1983; Maier, 1984; Hagley, 1985; Oatman, 1985; Ridgway and Mahr, 1985; Laing and Heraty, 1987; Ridgway and Mahr, 1989; Varela and Welter, 1992; Maier, 1993; Barrett, 1994; Gagne and Barrett, 1994; Bishop et al, 2001)
Ostrya (Whitfield, 2006)
Ostrya virginiana (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Prunus pensylvanica (Maier, 1988)
Prunus serotina (Maier, 1988; Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Prunus virginiana (Whitfield, 2006)
Quercus (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Quercus alba (Whitfield et al, 1999; Whitfield, 2006)
Quercus falcata (Whitfield, 2006)
Quercus macrocarpa (Whitfield, 2006)
Quercus rubra (Gibbons and Butcher, 1961)
Quercus stellata (Whitfield et al, 1999)
Rhus radicans (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Rhus typhina (Putman, 1935; Marshall and Musgrove, 1937)
Robinia pseudoacacia (Whitfield and Wagner, 1988)
Tilia americana (Whitfield, 2006)
Toxicodendron pubescens (Whitfield, 2006)
Ulmus americana (Whitfield, 2006)
HOST LOCATION
dispersion (Trimble, 1988)
HOST SELECTION
host age/stage (Hagley and Barber, 1986; Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
PARASITISM
emerge from cocoon (Silver, 1957)
emerge from larva/nymph (Frison, 1927; Maier, 1988)
emerge from pupa (Gibbons and Butcher, 1961)
endoparasitoid (Maier, 1988; Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
oviposit in larva/nymph (Ridgway and Mahr, 1990)
solitary (Muesebeck, 1921; Stoltz and Vinson, 1977)
PARASITOID
Hypopteromalus tabacum (Beckham et al, 1950)
ANTENNA
flagellomere(2):L/W (female) [370] (Whitfield, 2006)
flagellomere(2):L/W (female) [380] (Whitfield, 2006)
FIGURE
apical tergites (Whitfield, 1997)
basal tergites (Mason, 1981; Whitfield, 1997; Whitfield, 2006)
genitalia (male) (Whitfield, 2006)
larval mouth parts (Mason, 1981)
ovipositor (Whitfield, 2006)
propodeum (Mason, 1981; Whitfield, 1997)
GENERAL CHARACTERS
body:length (female) [15] (Whitfield, 2006)
body:length (female) [20] (Weed, 1887)
body:length (female) [24] (Whitfield, 2006)
body:length (female) [25] (Weed, 1887)
body:length (male) [15] (Whitfield, 2006)
body:length (male) [22] (Whitfield, 2006)
body:length (male) [23] (Viereck, 1917)
HEAD
frons:W/H (female) [130] (Whitfield, 2006)
frons:W/H (female) [140] (Whitfield, 2006)
head:W/L (female) [200] (Whitfield, 2006)
IMAGE
cocoon (Whitfield, 2006)
fore wing (Whitfield, 2006)
METASOMA
tergite(1):L/HW (female) [150] (Whitfield, 2006)
tergite(1):L/HW (female) [180] (Whitfield, 2006)
tergite(2):L/W (female) [48] (Whitfield, 2006)
tergite(2):L/W (female) [53] (Whitfield, 2006)
MORPHOLOGY
baculovirus (Stoltz and Vinson, 1977)
calyx fluid (Stoltz and Vinson, 1977)
cocoon (Weed, 1887; Whitfield, 2006)
larva (final instar) (Whitfield, 2006)
SEQUENCE
mtDNA CO1 (Mardulyn and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield et al, 2002; Whitfield, 2002)
mtDNA l-rRNA (16S) (Mardulyn and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield et al, 2002; Whitfield, 2002)
n rDNA 28S D2 (Mardulyn and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield et al, 2002; Whitfield, 2002)
WING
fore wing:length (female) [18] (Whitfield, 2006)
fore wing:length (female) [24] (Whitfield, 2006)
fore wing:length (male) [18] (Whitfield, 2006)
fore wing:length (male) [24] (Whitfield, 2006)
COUNTRY
Canada-Manitoba (Still and Wong, 1973; Whitfield, 2006; Fernández-Triana, 2010)
Canada-New Brunswick (Silver, 1957; Fernández-Triana, 2010)
Canada-Nova Scotia (Muesebeck, 1958; MacPhee, 1964; Bishop et al, 2001; Whitfield, 2006; Fernández-Triana, 2010)
Canada-Ontario (Putman, 1935; Putman, 1942; Martin, 1956; Graham, 1965; Johnson et al, 1976; Johnson et al, 1979; Hagley et al, 1981; Hagley, 1985; Laing et al, 1986; Laing and Heraty, 1987; Biggs and Hagley, 1988; Trimble and Sahota, 1988; Trimble, 1988; Li et al, 1992; Pree et al, 1994; Trimble, 1994; Whitfield, 2006; Fernández-Triana, 2010)
Canada-Quebec (LeRoux and Parent, 1956; Parent, 1962; Graham, 1965; Muesebeck, 1967; Bishop et al, 2001; Whitfield, 2006; Fernández-Triana et al, 2009; Fernández-Triana, 2010)
U.S.A.-Arkansas (Muesebeck, 1958; Mardulyn and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-California (Varela and Welter, 1992)
U.S.A.-Connecticut (Viereck, 1917; Maier, 1982; Maier, 1984; Maier, 1985; Maier, 1988; Maier, 1993)
U.S.A.-District of Columbia (Muesebeck, 1921; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Illinois (Weed, 1887; Riley and Howard, 1890; Szépligeti, 1904; Muesebeck, 1921; Frison, 1927; Whitfield and Lewis, 2001)
U.S.A.-Indiana (Marshall and Musgrove, 1937)
U.S.A.-Kansas (Whitfield and Lewis, 2001)
U.S.A.-Kentucky (Muesebeck, 1921; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Massachusetts (Muesebeck, 1921; van Driesche and Taub, 1983; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Michigan (Gibbons and Butcher, 1961)
U.S.A.-Minnesota (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Missouri (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Barrett, 1994; Gagne and Barrett, 1994; Whitfield et al, 1999; Whitfield and Lewis, 2001)
U.S.A.-New Hampshire (Muesebeck, 1921; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-New York (Muesebeck, 1921; Herrick, 1923; Dunnam, 1924; Muesebeck, 1928; Weires et al, 1980; Gambino and Sullivan, 1982; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-North Carolina (Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Oregon (Muesebeck, 1958)
U.S.A.-Pennsylvania (Muesebeck, 1921; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Texas (Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Utah (Muesebeck, 1958)
U.S.A.-Vermont (Weires et al, 1980; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Virginia (Muesebeck, 1921; Beckham et al, 1950; Muesebeck and Walkley, 1951; Hough, 1957; Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-West Virginia (Whitfield, 2006)
U.S.A.-Wisconsin (Oatman, 1985; Ridgway and Mahr, 1985; Whitfield, 2006)
reference
- Allen, W.R.; Trimble, R.M. and Vickers, P.M, 1992. ELISA used without host trituration to detect larvae of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) parasitized by Pholetesor ornigis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Environmental Entomology. 21(21):50-56
- Barrett, B.A, 1994. Within-tree distribution of Phyllonorycter blancardella (F.) and P. crataegella (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and associated levels of parasitism in commercial apple orchards. Biological Control. 4(4):74-79
- Beckham, C.M.; Hough, W.S. and Hill, C.H, 1950. Biology and control of the spotted tentiform leaf miner on apple trees. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station. Technical Bulletin. 114:19
- Biggs, A.R. and Hagley, E.A.C, 1988. Effects of two sterol-inhibiting fungicides on populations of pest and beneficial arthropods on apple. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 20(20):235-244
- Bishop, S.D.; Smith, R.F.; Vincent, C.; Goulet, H.; Huber, J.; Gibson, G.; Sharkey, M. and Borden, J.H, 2001. Hymenopterous parasites associated with Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Nova Scotia and Quebec. Phytoprotection. 82(82):65-71
- Bolchi Serini, G, 1990. [Parasitoids of Parectopa robiniella Clemens and Phyllonorycter robiniellus (Clemens) (Lepidoptera Gracillariidae).]. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura. 22(22):139-149
- Dalla Torre, C.G. de, 1898. Catalogus Hymenopterorum. Volumen IV. Braconidae. Guilelmi Engelmann. Lipsiae
- Dunnam, E.W, 1924. The apple trumpet leafminer (Tischeria malifoliella Clem.). Ioaw Agricultural Experiment Station. 2:51-70
- Fernández-Triana, Jose L, 2010. Eight new species and an annotated checklist of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Canada and Alaska. ZooKeys. 6:1-53
- Fernández-Triana, Jose; Goulet, Henri; Bostanian, Noubar J. and Boudreault, Caroline, 2009. Diversity of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in apple orchards of southern Quebec, Canada. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 19(19):237-248
- Fisher, P, 1988. The effect of pesticides on two species of parasitoids, Pholetesor ornigis and Pholetesor pedias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario. 118(118):171
- Fisher, P.A.; Laing, J.E. and Pree, D.J, 1991. Toxicity of permethrin, azinphosmethyl, and methomyl to Pholetesor ornigis (Weed) and Pholetesor pedias Nixon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasites of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Canadian Entomologist
- Frison, T.H, 1927. Types in the collections of the Illinois State Natural History Survey. Bulletin of the Illinois State Natural History Surv. 1:142-218
- Gagne, R.S. and Barrett, B.A, 1994. Seasonal occurrence and density of Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and major parasitoids in Missouri apple orchards. Environmental Entomology. 23(23):198-207
- Gambino, P. and Sullivan, D.J, 1982. Phenology of emergence of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasitoids in New York. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 9:229-236
- Gibbons, C.F. and Butcher, J.W, 1961. The oak skeletoniizer, Bucculatrix ainsliella, in a Michigan woodlot. Journal of Economic Entomology. 5:681-684
- Graham, A.R, 1965. A preliminary list of natural enemies of Canadian agricultural pests. Canada Department of Agriculture. Research Institute. Belleville. 4:179
- Hagley, E.A.C, 1985. Parasites recovered from the overwintering generation of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in pest-management apple orchards in southern Ontario. Canadian Entomologist. 117(117):371-374
- Hagley, E.A.C. and Barber, D, 1986. Preference of Pholetesor ornigis (Hym.: Braconidae) for the sap-feeding larvae of its host, the spotted tentiform leaf-miner, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lep.: Gracillariidae). Entomophaga. 3:393-395
- Hagley, E.A.C. and Barber, D.R, 1991. Mortality, fecundity and longevity of parasitoids of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Lep.: Gracillariidae) at constant temperatures in the laboratory. Entomophaga. 36(36):409-415
- Hagley, E.A.C. and Barber, D.R, 1992. Effect of food sources on the longevity and fecundity of Pholetesor ornigis (Weed) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Canadian Entomologist. 124(124):341-346
- Hagley, E.A.C.; Pree, D.J.; Simpson, C.M. and Hikichi, A, 1981. Toxicity of insecticides to parasites of the spotted tentiform leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Canadian Entomologist. 1:899-906
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生物学记录
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