分类信息

• 界: Animalia | 动物界
• 门: Arthropoda | 节肢动物门
• 纲: Insecta | 昆虫纲
• 目: Hymenoptera | 膜翅目
• 亚目: Apocrita | 细腰亚目
• 总科: Ichneumonoidea | 姬蜂总科
• 科: Braconidae | 茧蜂科
• 亚科: Aphidiinae | 蚜茧蜂亚科
• 族: Praini
• 属: Praon Haliday, 1833 | 蚜外茧蜂属
• 种: Praon unicum Smith, 1944
• tree:
• 寄生于:
  • Acyrthosiphon lactucae Passerini, 1860
  • Aphis Linnæus, 1758
  • Aphis coweni Palmer & M.A., 1938
  • Aphis craccivora Koch & C.L., 1854 | 豆蚜
  • Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763
  • Aphis helianthi Monell, 1879
  • Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Aphis nigratibialis Robinson, 1969
  • Aphis oenotherae Oestlund, 1887
  • Aphis pomi De Geer, 1773 | 苹果蚜
  • Aphis rumicis Linnæus, 1758 | 酸模蚜
  • Aphis salicariae Koch & C.L., 1855
  • Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914
  • Aphis varians Patch, 1914
  • Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach, 1843 | 马铃薯蚜
  • Brachycaudus helichrysi Kaltenbach, 1843 | 光管舌尾蚜
  • Brachycaudus tragopogonis Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Cavariella aegopodii Scopoli, 1763 | 肿管双尾蚜
  • Cavariella pastinacae Linnaeus, 1758
  • Chromaphis juglandicola Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, 1913
  • Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini, 1860 | 车前草蚜
  • Ericaphis gentneri Mason & P.W., 1947
  • Hyperomyzus lactucae Linnaeus, 1758
  • Hyperomyzus nigricornis Knowlton, 1927
  • Illinoia liriodendri Monell, 1879
  • Kakimia Hottes & Frison, 1931
  • Liosomaphis berberidis Kaltenbach, 1843
  • Macrosiphum aetheocornum Smith, C.F. & Knowlton, 1939
  • Macrosiphum euphorbiae C.Thomas, 1878
  • Macrosiphum gaurae Williams & T.A., 1911
  • Macrosiphum pallidum Oestlund, 1887
  • Macrosiphum rosae Linnaeus, 1758
  • Macrosiphum valerianiae (Clarke, 1903)
  • Metopolophium dirhodum F.Walker, 1849
  • Myzodium knowltoni Smith & Robinson, 1975
  • Myzus cerasi Fabricius, 1775
  • Myzus lythri Schrank, 1801
  • Myzus persicae Sulzer, 1776 | 桃蚜
  • Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley, 1841
  • Nearctaphis bakeri Cowen & J.H., 1895
  • Nearctaphis kachena Hottes, 1934
  • Ovatus crataegarius F.Walker, 1850 | 薄荷蚜
  • Phorodon humuli Schrank, 1801 | 指头蚜
  • Rhopalosiphum insertum (Walker, 1849)
  • Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch, 1856 | 玉米蚜
  • Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus, 1758 | 禾缢管蚜
  • Sitobion avenae Fabricius, 1775
  • Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914
  • Uroleucon ambrosiae C.Thomas, 1878
  • Wahlgreniella nervata Gillette, 1908
• associated plant:
  • Aquilegia formosa
  • Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh.
  • Chenopodium album | 藜
  • Cimicifuga laciniata
  • Convolvulus arvensis L.
  • Coriandrum sativum L. | 芫荽
  • Cornus stolonifera Michaux
  • Crataegus columbiana
  • Crataegus douglasii
  • Crataegus oxyacantha
  • Epilobium angustifolium
  • Epilobium minutum Lindl.
  • Geranium viscosissimum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. in C.A. Mey.
  • Helianthus annuus L.
  • Heracleum lanatum Michaux
  • Hordeum vulgare L. | 大麦
  • Humulus lupulus
  • Lactuca serriola L. | 刺莴苣
  • Ligusticum grayi Coult. & N. E. Rose
  • Lilium columbianum Leichtlin
  • Liriodendron tulipifera L. | 北美鹅掌楸
  • Lycopersicon esculentum | 番茄
  • Mahonia aquifolium Pursh
  • Malus domestica
  • Malus sylvestris
  • Mentha arvensis L.
  • Mirabilis laevis
  • Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.
  • Panicum miliaceum | 黍
  • Pedicularis racemosa
  • Prunus
  • Prunus armeniaca | 杏
  • Prunus avium (L.) L.
  • Prunus domestica L.
  • Prunus mahaleb L.
  • Prunus persica (L.) Stokes
  • Prunus salicina Lindl. | 李子
  • Pyracantha crenatoserrata
  • Pyrus communis | 洋梨
  • Ribes aureum
  • Robinia pseudoacacia L. | 刺槐
  • Rumex crispus | 皱叶酸模
  • Spinacia oleracea L. | 菠菜
  • Tragopogon dubius Scop.
  • Triticum aestivum | 小麦
  • Vaccinium corymbosum
  • Veratrum viride
  • Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.
  • Zea mays L. | 玉米

geography information

• 国家/地区: 加拿大 ;
• 省/行政区: 加利福尼亚州 ; 科罗拉多州 ; 爱达荷州 ; 密歇根州 ; 俄勒冈州 ; 华盛顿州 ;
• 地图:
  Distribution base on taxon

  Distribution base on occurrence/occurrences

reference

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• Finlayson, T, 1990. The systematics and taxonomy of final instar larvae of the family Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. 1:1-74
• Johnson, J.W, 1987. A revision of the species of Praon Haliday in North America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Aphididae). Canadian Entomologist. 1:999-1025
• Lee, Wonhoon and Lee, Seunghwan, 2012. Unexpected problem in aphid DNA barcoding by universal primers. Entomological Science. 15(15):121-126
• Mackauer, M, 1968. Aphidiidae. In: Ferrière & van der Vecht, J. Eds. 'Hymenopterorum Catalogus nova edito pars 3. Dr.W. Junk, 's-Gravenhage
• Marsh, P.M, 1979. Braconidae. Aphidiidae. Hybrizontidae. In: Krombein K.V., Hurd Jr. P.D., Smith D.R. & Burks B.D. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington
• Muesebeck, C.F.W, 1958. Family Braconidae. In: Krombein K.V. Ed. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico synoptic catalog Agriculture Monograph No. 2 , first supplement. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. 584 pp
• Muesebeck, C.F.W, 1967. Family Braconidae. In: Krombein, K.V. & Burks, B.D. Eds. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico synoptic catalog Agriculture Monograph No. 2 , second supplement. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. 584 pp
• Muesebeck, C.F.W. and Walkley, L.M, 1951. Family Braconidae. In: Muesebeck C.F.W., Krombein K.V. & Townes H.K. Eds. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico - Synoptic catalog. U.S. Dept. Agriculture Monograph No. 2
• Narayanan, E.S.; Subba Rao, B.R. and Sharma, A.K, 1960. A catalogue of the known species of the world belonging to the subfamily Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie. 10(10):545-581
• Narayanan, E.S.; Subba Rao, B.R.; Sharma, A.K. and Stary, P, 1962. Revision of "A catalogue of the known species of the world belonging to the subfamily Aphidiinae" (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie. 12(12):662-720
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Miller, R.; Allison, D.; Boydston, L.; Graf, G. and Gillespie, R, 1997. Small-grain aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae and Aphidiidae) of Washington: Distribution, relative abundance, saesonal occurrence, and key to known North American species. Environmental Entomology. 26(26):1299-1311
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Miller, R.; Allison, D.; Boydston, L.; Graf, G. and Miller, T, 1996. New species and host records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 1:570-591
• Pike, K.S.; Stary, P.; Miller, T.; Graf, G.; Allison, D.; Boydston, L. and Miller, R, 2000. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northwest USA. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 102(102):688-740
• Pike, Keith S.; Stary, Petr; Graf, George; Raworth, David A.; Mathur, Sneh; Tanigoshi, Lynell K. and Murray, Todd, 2011. A new Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Ericaphis fimbriata (Richards) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and key to parasitoids of blueberry aphid in the Pacific Northwest. Zootaxa. 2:58-62
• Pike, Keith S.; Stary, P. and Graf, G, 2003. Description of a new species of Braconidae, Monoctonus allisoni (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), and discussion of the aphid-parasitoid guild for Nasonovia spp. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in northwestern United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 105(105):380-387
• Raworth, D.A.; Pike, K.S.; Tanigoshi, L.K.; Mathur, S. and Graf, G, 2008. Primary and secondary parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on blueberry and other Vaccinium in the Pacific Northwest. Environmental Entomology. 37(37):472-477
• Schlinger, E.I, 1960. Diapause and secondary parasites nullify the effectiveness of rose aphid parasites in Riverside, California. Journal of Economic Entomology. 53(53):151-154
• Schlinger, E.I.; Hagen, K.S. and van den Bosch, R, 1960. Imported French parasite of walnut aphid established in California. California Agriculture. 1:3-4
• Schlinger, E.I.; Hagen, K.S. and van den Bosch, R, 1960. The latest import direct from France. Diamond Walnut News. 4:9-10
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• Vafaie, Erfan K.; Fitzpatrick, Sheila M. and Cory, Jenny S, 2013. Does rearing an aphid parasitoid on one host affect its ability to parasitize another species?. Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 15(15):366-374
• Wright, L.C. and James, D.G, 2001. Parasitoids of the hop aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Prunus during the spring in Washington State. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology. 18(18):141-147
• Zuparko, R.L. and Dahlsten, D.L, 1993. Survey of the parasitoids of the tuliptree aphid, Illinoia liriodendri (Hom: Aphididae), in northern California. Entomophaga. 38(38):31-40

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