分类信息

• 界: Animalia | 动物界
• 门: Arthropoda | 节肢动物门
• 纲: Insecta | 昆虫纲
• 目: Hymenoptera | 膜翅目
• 亚目: Apocrita | 细腰亚目
• 总科: Ichneumonoidea | 姬蜂总科
• 科: Braconidae | 茧蜂科
• 亚科: Exothecinae | 异茧蜂亚科
• 族: Exothecini | 异茧蜂族
• tree:

geography information (Including lower)

• 国家/地区: 阿根廷 ; 亚美尼亚 ; 奥地利 ; 阿塞拜疆 ; 白俄罗斯 ; 比利时 ; 保加利亚 ; 加拿大 ; 智利 ; 捷克 ; 捷克斯洛伐克 ; 丹麦 ; 芬兰 ; 法国 ; 格鲁吉亚 ; 德国 ; 格林纳达 ; 匈牙利 ; 印度 ; 印度尼西亚 ; 伊朗 ; 爱尔兰 ; 意大利 ; 日本 ; 哈萨克斯坦 ; 朝鲜 ; 吉尔吉斯斯坦 ; 拉脱维亚 ; 立陶宛 ; 马来西亚 ; 摩尔多瓦 ; 蒙古 ; 尼泊尔 ; 荷兰 ; 新喀里多尼亚 ; 挪威 ; Paraguay ; 波兰 ; 罗马尼亚 ; 塞尔维亚 ; 斯洛伐克 ; 南非 ; 西班牙 ; 瑞典 ; 瑞士 ; 塔吉克斯坦 ; 突尼斯 ; 土耳其 ; 乌克兰 ; 英国 ; 乌兹别克斯坦 ; 越南 ;
• 省/行政区: 阿拉斯加州 ; Amur Oblast ; 阿肯色州 ; 车臣 ; Chelyabinsk Oblast ; 科罗拉多州 ; 黑龙江省 ; 湖北省 ; 爱荷华州 ; Irkutsk Oblast ; Kaliningrad Oblast ; 堪察加州 ; 堪萨斯州 ; Khabarovsk Krai ; Komi Republic ; Krasnodar Krai ; Krasnoyarsk Krai ; 辽宁省 ; Magadan Oblast ; 缅因州 ; 马里兰州 ; 密歇根州 ; 密苏里州 ; 纽约州 ; 北卡罗来纳州 ; Perm Krai ; Primorsky Krai ; Republic of Buryatia ; Republic of Dagestan ; Republic of Karelia ; 圣彼得堡 ; Sakha (Yakutia) Republic ; Sakhalin Oblast ; 台湾省 ; 田纳西州 ; Tomsk Oblast ; Tyumen Oblast ; Ulyanovsk Oblast ; 弗吉尼亚州 ; 西弗吉尼亚州 ; 西澳大利亚州 ; 威斯康辛州 ; Yaroslavl Oblast ; Zabaykalsky Krai ;
• 地图:
  Distribution base on taxon

  Distribution base on occurrence/occurrences

description

reference

• Ashmead, W.H, 1900. Classification of the Ichneumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 23(23):1-220
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1984. [On the division of the tribe Exothecini s.l. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in two with the description of a new genus and subgenus.] (in Russian with English summary). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal. 6:1019-1026
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1993. [On the classification and phylogeny of the braconid wasps subfamilies Doryctinae and Exothecinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Part 1. On the classification, 2.]. Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye. 72(72):143-164
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1994. [A review of parasitic wasps of the subfamilies Doryctinae and Exothecinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of the Far East (Eastern Siberia and neighbouring territories).]. Kotenko, A G . Hymenopteran insects of Siberia and Far East: Memoirs of the Daursky Nature Reserve, no. 3. Institut zoologii NAN Ukrainy. 1:1-147
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1994. [Contribution to the fauna of the Indo-Malayan braconid wasps of the tribe Exothecini, Pambolini and Pentatermini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae).] (in Russian). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta. 245(245):125-173
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1998. 1. Rhyssalinae, 2. Doryctinae, 3. Histeromerinae, 4. Exothecinae, 7. Gnamptodontinae, 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini), 10. Helconinae, 11. Cenocoeliinae, 12. Brachistinae, 14. Meteorideinae, 16. Xiphozelinae, 17. Homolobinae, 18. Charmontinae, 19. Orgilinae, 20. Ecnomiinae, 21. Sigalphinae, 23. Ichneutinae, 25. Cardiochilinae, 27. Dirrhopinae, 28. Miracinae, 29. Adeliinae. In: Ler, P.A. 'Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. 4. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Pt 3.' Dal'nauka, Vladivostok. 706 pp
• Belokobylskij, S.A, 1999. New genera of the subfamilies Rhyssalinae, Exothecinae and Gnamptodontinae from the Old World (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoosystematica Rossica. 8(8):155-169
• Belokobylskij, S.A. and Tobias, V.I, 1986. Doryctinae. pp. 21-72. In: Medvedev G.S. ed. 'Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4. Opr. Faune SSSR. 1:1-501
• Capek, M, 1969. An attempt at a natural classification of the family Braconidae based on various unconventional characters (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 71(71):304-312
• Capek, M, 1970. A new classification of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) based on the cephalic structure of the final instar larva and biological evidence. Canadian Entomologist. 1:846-875
• Capek, M. and Hofmann, C, 1997. The Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in the collections of the Musée cantonal de Zoologie, Lausanne. Litterae Zoologicae Lausanne. 2:25-162
• Ceballos, G, 1941. Las Tribus de los Himenópteros de España. Instituto Español de Entomologia, Madrid
• Ceballos, G, 1956. Catálogo de los Himenópteros de España. Trabajos del Instituto Español de Entomologica. Madrid
• Docavo, A.I, 1960. Los géneros de Bracónidos de España. Monografias de Ciencia Moderna. 63. CSIC. Madrid
• Docavo, A.I, 1965. Contribución al conocimiento de los Bracónidos de Espana. Subfamilias Braconinae y Cheloninae. Monografias de Ciencia Moderna. 71:210
• Fahringer, J, 1925. Opuscula braconologica. Band 1. Palaearktische Region. Lieferung 1. Opuscula braconologica
• Fahringer, J, 1928. Opuscula braconologica. Band II. Aethiopische Region. Lieferung 1-3. Opuscula braconologica
• Fahringer, J, 1930. Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Lieferung 1-2. Opuscula braconologica
• Förster, A, 1863. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Braconiden. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens. 19(19):225-288
• He, J.H.; Chen, X.X. and Ma, Y, 2000. [Hymenoptera Braconidae.] 膜翅目 茧蜂科 (一). 中国动物志 昆虫纲. Vol. 18. Science Press, Beijing, China
• Kloet, G.S. and Hincks, W.D, 1945. A check list of British insects. Kloet & Hincks, Stockport
• Shaw, M.R. and Huddleston, T, 1991. Classification and biology of Braconid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. 7(7):1-126
• Shenefelt, R.D, 1975. Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus nova editio . Pars 12
• Telenga, N.A, 1936. Braconidae. Pt. 1. Hymenoptera. Fauna USSR. Hymenoptera. 5 2
• Telenga, N.A, 1941. Family Braconidae, subfamily Braconinae (continuation) and Sigalphinae. Fauna USSR. Hymenoptera. 5 3
• Tobias, V.I, 1971. [Review of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of the U.S.S.R.] (in Russian). Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva. 5:156-268
• Tobias, V.I, 1976. [Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae).] (in Russian). Opred. Faune SSSR. Nauka Press. Leningrad. 110:286
• Watanabe, C, 1937. A contribution to the knowledge of the Braconid fauna of the Empire of Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imp. 4:1-188
• Wharton, R.A, 2000. Can braconid classification be restructured to facilitate portrayal of relationships?. Austin, A.D; Dowton, M. . 'Hymenoptera: evolution, biodiversity and biological control.' CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. 468 pp. i:143-153
• Zeng, Aiping; You, Lanshao and Bai, Lianyang, 2009. [The classification of Braconidae and application of their male genitalia.] (in Chinese with English summary) 茧蜂分类和雄性外生殖器的应用. Hunan Science & Technology Press, Changsha, Hunan, China
• van Achterberg, C, 1983. Revisionary notes on the Palaearctic genera and species of the tribe Exothecini Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoologische Mededelingen. 57(57):339-355
• van Achterberg, C, 1993. Illustrated key to the subfamilies of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen. 283:189

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